NSS-MYHOSTNAME(8)

  .SH "NAME" nss-myhostname, libnss_myhostname.so.2 - Provide hostname resolution for the locally configured system hostname.
  .SH "SYNOPSIS"
    .PP libnss_myhostname.so.2

  .SH "DESCRIPTION"

    .PP nss-myhostname is a plug-in module for the GNU Name Service Switch (NSS) functionality of the GNU C Library (glibc), primarily providing hostname resolution for the locally configured system hostname as returned by gethostname(2). The precise hostnames resolved by this module are:

    • The local, configured hostname is resolved to all locally configured IP addresses ordered by their scope, or — if none are configured — the IPv4 address 127.0.0.2 (which is on the local loopback) and the IPv6 address ::1 (which is the local host).

    • The hostnames localhost and localhost.localdomain (as well as any hostname ending in .localhost or .localhost.localdomain) are resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.

    • The hostname _gateway is resolved to all current default routing gateway addresses, ordered by their metric. This assigns a stable hostname to the current gateway, useful for referencing it independently of the current network configuration state.
    .PP Various software relies on an always-resolvable local hostname. When using dynamic hostnames, this is traditionally achieved by patching /etc/hosts at the same time as changing the hostname. This is problematic since it requires a writable /etc file system and is fragile because the file might be edited by the administrator at the same time. With nss-myhostname enabled, changing /etc/hosts is unnecessary, and on many systems, the file becomes entirely optional.
    .PP To activate the NSS modules, add myhostname to the line starting with hosts: in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
    .PP It is recommended to place myhostname last in the nsswitch.conf' hosts: line to make sure that this mapping is only used as fallback, and that any DNS or /etc/hosts based mapping takes precedence.

  .SH "EXAMPLE"

    .PP Here is an example /etc/nsswitch.conf file that enables nss-myhostname correctly:

    passwd:         compat mymachines systemd
    group:          compat mymachines systemd
    shadow:         compat
    hosts:          files mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] dns myhostname
    networks:       files
    protocols:      db files
    services:       db files
    ethers:         db files
    rpc:            db files
    netgroup:       nis

    .PP To test, use glibc's getent tool:

    $ getent ahosts `hostname`
    ::1       STREAM omega
    ::1       DGRAM
    ::1       RAW
    127.0.0.2       STREAM
    127.0.0.2       DGRAM
    127.0.0.2       RAW

    .PP In this case, the local hostname is omega.

  .SH "SEE ALSO"

    .PP systemd(1), nss-systemd(8), nss-resolve(8), nss-mymachines(8), nsswitch.conf(5), getent(1)